Damaged headlight

Body component damaged and likely to cause injury ( headlamp ). Is what I would fail it on

seriously defective from me

That would be a Minor if you look where you should be looking....

4.4.1

(b) A lens defective:

(i) which has no effect on emitted light

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Okay...lets go back to your original qiestion. Pass, fail, or advise, and I will give you the reasoning behind my reply.

You've identified a defect in that a lamp lens is missing. You've confirmed that the light colour is not affected.

I'm inclined to think you would issue a manual advisory in this case.

Let's go back to a little used section of the manual (Introduction) & look at the advice on recording defects.

When an item is not sufficiently deteriorated to justify rejection, there may be an option to select ‘advisory’ to inform the presenter of this fact.

When only minor defects have been selected, a test certificate will still be issued.

*** Unlike advisory items, the use of minor defects, where appropriate, is mandatory **

Clearly there is a defect, in that the lens is missing where it should be present, and a minor defect is available for use on the MOTS menu. The Manual informs that the use of the "Minor" option is mandatory in such cases, rather than freehand advisory.

You are of course free to disagree.
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I think the more important decision, putting aside the pass/fail is whether you were of the opinion that the defect warranted an advise (as per your original question) or would you just let it go without record.?

And that's what it got, pass and advise.  Following the testing manual, I hunted through it.! No mention of lens missing, pass or advise or fail. Don't forget, there's no grey areas!?

It doesn't use the word body component in the description

Yes. Seriously defective - major.

Back In  the day when I was doing  c7 s for the local Ford garage  one Muppet ring ME up YOU can't fail  that mirror  for those jagged edge wes !  I'll speak to Bob Stewart about it  you don't   me he's got a office 5 mins away In  the Burnley bus  depot get Him to come round to inspect it Then OR get your testers to read the manual and cover the jagged sharps edges with gaffer tape  and present it for a retest you prick